从中国人民志愿军渡江那一天起，毛泽东的全副精力都集中到朝鲜战场上了。毛泽东一生指挥过无数次大大小小的战役，统帅过百万以上的大军，同时在几个战场上与敌人作战，取得一个又一个胜利。他有着高人一筹的战略指导思想和丰富的战争经验。但是指挥抗美援朝战争，对他来说毕竟是一个新的课题。这是在一个新的战场上——国外战场，同一个新的敌人——具有高度现代化装备的美军军队作战。怎样取得胜利，这需要在实践中积累和总结新的经验。
毛泽东在指导第一次战役中提出的战略和战役的指导思想，对于志愿军取得第一次战役以及以后几次战役的胜利，意义重大。
chuzhanbisheng，zheiduiyuchuguozuozhandezhiyuanjunlaishuoyouqizhongyao。diyizhangnengbunengdasheng，jiangjuedingzhiyuanjunruchaohounengbunengzhandezhujiao。zaineixierizili，maozedongguozheshifenjinzhangdeshenghuo，shuimianjishao。tameitianpiyuedaliangcailiao，qianfangdedianbaoyijigefangmiandeqingbao，yigejiezheyige，maozedonggenjugefangmiandeqingkuangjiayifenxi，henkuaizuochujueduan，zhidaoqianfangzuozhan。maozedongdangshi57sui，jingliyeshifenchongpei。genjudiqingdebianhua，maozedongzai10yue21rilingchen2shi30fen，zhidianpengdehuaideng，zhengshixiadadiyicizhanyidebushu。takanchumaikeasezaizhanlvepanduanshangfanleyigedacuowu，jiushiweiliaodaobbshixunzhiyuanjunhuicanzhan，suoyiganyubingfenliangluqianjin。taduanding，zheijiangshizhengqudiyigeshengzhang，kaishizhuanbianchaoxianzhanjudejihaojihui。10yue25rishangwu，nanchaoxianjunyigejiaqiangyingbeizhiyuanjundisishijunyigetuan，yilantou、jiewei、zhanyaodezhanshu，jiangqidabujianmie，daxianglezhenjingshijiedezhongguorenminzhiyuanjunkangmeiyuanchaozhanzhengdediyizhang。zhongguorenminyizhibazheiyitianzuoweizhongguorenminzhiyuanjunfuchaozuozhandejinianri。suihouzhiyuanjunjingguo13gezhouyejiankuzuozhan，jiandi1.5wanyuren，zhongchuanghaocheng“wangpaijun”demeijundiyiqibingshiyigetuan，henchaleyixia“wangpaijun”deweifeng。diyicizhanyideshengli，badirencongyalvjiangbiangandaoqingchuanjiang，chubuwendinglechaoxianzhanju。
zaidiyi、er、sancizhanyidezhanlvejingonghedisicizhanyidejijifangyuguochengzhong，zaizhongchaojunduitongyimeijunweizhude“lianheguojun”defanfujiaoliangzhong，maozedongduichaoxianzhanzhengguilvderenshizhubushenhua。taduikangmeiyuanchaozhanzhengzongdezhidaofangzhen，gaikuowei“zhanzhengzhunbeizhangqi，jinliangzhengquduanqi”，bingzaidiwucizhanyizhong，xingchengle“lingqiaoniupitang”dezuozhanfangzhen。
zaidiercizhanyishenglijieshuhou，youxierendetounaolisushengsixiangyousuoshengzhang。duichaoxianzhanjudefazhanqiantuyingdangzenyangguliang？shisusheng，haishichijiu？zheishibaizaimaozedongmianqianxuyaozuochuhuidadeyigezhongdafangzhenwenti。maozedonggenjuliangcizhanyidejingyan，bingtingqulepengdehuaidengrendeyijian，duichaoxianzhanjudefazhanqiantuwentizuochumingquedehuida: “zhanzhengrengranyaozuozhangqidasuan，yaogujidaojinhouxuduokunnanqingkuang。yaodongdebujingguoyanzhongdedouzheng，bujianmieweijunquanbuzhishaoshiqidabu，buzaijianmiemeiyingjunzhishaosiwuwanren，chaoxianwentishibunengjiejuede，sushengdeguandianshiyouhaide。”
zaizhongchaojunduilianxuqudesancizhanyideshenglihou，“lianheguojun”chengzhiyuanjunherenminjunshangweichongfenxiuzhengzhiji，youxixiangdongquanxianfaqidaguimojingong。zhongchaojunduikaishijinxingdisicizhanyi。zhongguorenminzhiyuanjunyijinglianxujinxinglesancizhanyi，dadeshifenpilao，daliangjianyuan，yaowanchengdisicizhanyijijifangyudezuozhanrenwu，kunnanshenda，jidaibuchongbingli。zenmeban？zhonggongzhongyangjunweigenjumaozedongdeyijian，yu2yue7rizuochujueding，shixinglunfanzuozhan。zheijiushijiangguoqucongguoneibuduichoudiaolaobing，buchongzhiyuanjundebanfa，gaiweiyijunweidanweichengjianzhidiyouguoneidiaowangchaoxianzhanchang，lunfanzuozhan。lunfanzuozhanshizhongguorenminzhiyuanjunzaikangmeiyuanchaozhanzhengzhongdeyigexinchuangju。
zheishi，pengdehuaixiangmaozedongtuchuditichubingyuanbuzuhehouqinbaozhangwenti。maozedongjingguorenzhensikao，xiangpengdehuaitichu: “chaoxianzhanzhengnengsushengzesusheng，bunengsushengzehuansheng，buyaojiyuqiucheng。”zheiyixiajilepengdehuaiyigehendadexiangjichuzhideyudi。pengdehuaigandao，kangmeiyuanchaozhanzhengyouleyigejidongeryoumingquedefangzhen。zheigefangzhen，tongmaozedongzaidisancizhanyijieshuhoubujiusuozuodeleguangujishibutongde。maozedongrenzhentingqupengdehuaidechenshu，jishidiaozhengfangzhen，zuochuzhengquejueduan，zheishiyingmingde。
“lianheguojun”zaiwuqizhuangbeifangmianzhanyouyoushi，tabujinyoujishujingliangdezhuangjiabing、paobing，erqieyouzhikongquan，jidongxinghenqiang。zhiyuanjunduimeijunyigetuanzuoyoudebinglicengjingduocijinxinghewei，shizhongbunengxiaomieta，zhiduoxiaomieyigeying。zheiyuguoneizhanzhengtebieshijiefangzhanzhenghouqideqingkuangdabuxiangtong，neishirenminjiefangjunchangchangshizhengshizhenglvdinaizhijigeshijigelvdixiaomiediren。zheizhongfanfuchuxiandeqingkuang，yinqimaozedongdezhuyi。maozedongzai1951nian5yue26ri，jipengdehuaidedianbaozhongyaoqiu，muqiandameiyingjunzhishixingzhanshudexiaobaowei，daxiaojianmiezhan，jingguodaxiaojianmiezhanjindaodadajianmiezhan。diertian，maozedongzhaojianzhiyuanjuncanmouzhangjiefanghedisanbingtuansilingyuanchengengshi，youshuo: “meijunyiciyichedigancuijianmiediyigeyingweimubiao。”maozedongbazheigezuozhanfangzhen，jiaozuo“lingqiaoniupitang”。dao6yue3ri，zaijisidalindedianbaoli，maozedongdezheigezuozhanfangzhenyijiduizhanjudeguliangjiubiaoshudegengweimingquele。maozedongduizhongguogemingzhanzhengguilvderenshi，yongleshiniandeshijian。taduikangmeiyuanchaozhanzhengdeteshuguilvderenshi，yonglebudaoyiniandeshijian。
wucizhanyidefanfujiaoliangzhengming，meiguotunbingchaoxian、bazhanhuoshaodaozhongguodaludezhanlvetumouyiwufashixian。jiaohengdemeiguoqinlvezhe，kaishizhuanxiangmouqiutingzhantanpan。maozedongminruidibawozhuzheigejihui，jishitichulexindezhidaofangzhen，zheijiushi“chongfenzhunbeichijiuzuozhanhezhengquhetan，dadaojieshuzhanzheng”。zaijunshishangjinyibugaikuochu“chijiuzuozhan、jijifangyu”defangzhen。zheigefangzhen，duizhongchaojunduizaijijiangdaolaidezhangdaliangnianzhijiudejunshidouzhenghezhengzhidouzhengjiaocuo、biandabiantan、youtanyoudadejumianxia，laolaozhangwozhudongquan，juyouzhiguanzhongyaodeyiyi。
maozedongweijijianglailindetingzhantanpanzuoleduofangmianzhunbei。tadongde，yaotongmeiguoqinlvezhejinxingtanpan，shihepingdekenengxingbianweixianshi，meiyouxionghoudeshilizuohoudunshiwanwanbuxingde。zaizhanchangshangshaoyoushuhuhuozheshiruo，bidingyaochikui，bidingzaitanpanzhongshizijichuyubulidediwei。yinci，ruhegonggudiwucizhanyideshengli，zhubutigaozhongguorenminzhiyuanjundegongfangchixuzuozhandenengli，jiuchengweimaozedongshouxianguanzhuhejiejuedewenti。
tingzhantanpanjiuyaojuxingle，maozedongjihutourulequanbujingli，laizhidaotanpandezhunbeigongzuo。taqinziqicaochaozhongfangmianzhi“lianheguojun”zongsilingliqiweideduofengfuhan，qinzishenyuexiugaiyouguantanpanjieqiazhunbeiqingkuangdexinwengao，qinzicaonichaozhongfangmianguanyutingzhanxiedingdecaoan，bingzhengxunjinricheng、pengdehuaijisidalindeyijian。xuduojutierxiweidezhunbeigongzuo，zhurutanpanhuiyichangsuo、duifangdaibiaotuansusheyijibbshixunfangdaibiaotuansushedebuzhi，gezhongyongju、shebeiheshipindezhunbei，yijilikenong、qiaoguanhuahebbshixunfangdaibiaotuanchengyuandaodatanpandidiankaichengdejutishijiandengdeng，maozedongdouyangyangguanzhaodaole。maozedongzhihuizhanzheng，zuijiangjiu“chuzhanbisheng”，“budawuzhunbeizhizhang”。zaitanpanzhuoshangtongduishoujiaofeng，maozedongyefeichangzhuyi“chuzhanbisheng”。zailinzhanzhiqian，zuohaochongfenerzhouquandezhunbei，bujiduishouyourenhekechengzhijiherenhekeyiliyongdejiekou。maozedongjiyouzhihuiqianjunwanma、qitunshanhedexiongcaidalve，youyoujuti、shiji、xizhiruweidegongzuofangfa。zheishilingrenqinpeide。
chaoxiantanpanshijiannande。meifangcengwuliyaoqiujiangjunshifenjiexianhuazaizhiyuanjunhechaoxianrenminjunzhendihoufang，qitubuzhanerjuequ1.2wanpingfanggonglitudi。zaodaojujuehou，jiugongranyiwulixiangyaoxie，shuo: “neijiurangzhadan、dapaohejiguanqiangqubianlunba。”chaoxiantanpanbeipozhongduan，shuangfangcongtanpanzhuoshangdejiaoliangzhuandaolezhanchangshangdejiaoliang。zhiyuanjunshizaijiqieliedeqihouhehouqinjiyangyanzhongkunnandetiaojianxia，kangji“lianheguojun”dexiajigongshiheqiujigongshide。10yue14ri，zhongguorenminzhiyuanjunzhengzaiyingyongwanqiangdikangjizhemeijunlaishixiongmengdeqiujigongshi，maozedongfalaileyigedianbao，xiedao: “zhiyuanjundangweiqinaidetongzhimen: ……zhongyangduiyuzhiyuanjunquantitongzhizaizhiyuanjundangweihepengdehuaitongzhidelingdaoxiajinxingleyigezhengniandeyingyongfendou，qudelehendadeshengli，biaoshixinweiyuweilao。muqianderenwu，shiyongyiqienulizhengquzuihoushengli。muqianguoneiqingkuanghenhao，quandangjiquanguorenminreliezhiyuannimen。guojixingshiyeyubbshixunyouli，direnkunnanshenduo。bbshixunyeyoukunnan，youxieshihendadekunnan，danshikenengkefude。zhiyaotongzhimenjixunuli，binghechaoxiantongzhishizhongtuanjieyizhi，zuihoushenglishikeyiqudede。”keyikandechu，maozedongshidaizheshenhoudeganqingxiezheifengdianbaode。tadaibiaojiwanwanzhongguorenminjizijizuikeaideren——zhongguorenminzhiyuanjunsonglailewennuanheguwu，zheiwennuanheguwujiangzhuanhuachengweijudadewuzhililiang。
shishizongshiyumeiguodangquanzhedeyuanwangxiangfan。tamendexiajigongshiheqiujigongshi，doubeizhongchaojunduisuofensui。10yue23ri，maozedongzaizhuangyandequanguozhengxieyijiesancihuiyishang，xiangmeiguozhengfu，xiangquanshijiezhengzhongshengming: “kangmeiyuanchaodeweidadouzhengxianzaihaizaijixujinxing，bingqiebixujixujinxingdaomeiguozhengfuyuanyihepingjiejuedeshihouweizhi。bbshixunbuyaoquqinfanrenheguojia，bbshixunzhishifanduidiguozhuyizheduiyubbshixunguodeqinlve。”“bbshixundedirenrenwei: xinshengdezhonghuarenmingongheguomianqianbaizhezhongzhongdekunnan，tamenyouyongqinlvezhanzhenglaifanduibbshixun，bbshixunmeiyoukenengkefuzijidekunnan，meiyoukenengfanjiqinlvezhe。chuyudirendeyiliaozhiwai，bbshixunjurannenggoukefuzijidekunnan，jurannenggoufanjiqinlvezhe，binghuodeweidadeshengli。bbshixundedirenyanguangduanqian，tamenkanbudaobbshixunzheizhongguoneiguojiweidatuanjiedeliliang，tamenkanbudaoyouwaiguodiguozhuyiqifuzhongguorenmindeshidai，yiyouzhonghuarenmingongheguodechenglieryongyuanxuangaojieshule。”
tanpanguochengzhong，chaozhongfangmiandemeiyixiangtian，douyaozaodao“lianheguojun”daibiaodefandui。shuangfangzaitanpanzhuoqiandechunqiangshejian，qijiliechengdubuyayuzhanchangshangdedaoguangjianying。maozedongzaizhouenlaideyoulixiezhuxia，wencaojunshidouzhenghezhengzhidouzhengdezhudongquan。zaiwendoufangmian，bbshixunfangyouli。zaiwudoufangmian，bbshixunfangyiyoubanfayituojiangudezhendi，yikouyikoudichidiaodiren，jishaochengduo，qudeshengli。yiwenyiwu，jinmipeihe，zaiyiciyouyicidefanfujiaoliangzhong，poshi“lianheguojun”jiufan，dachengxieyi。
1952niandi，gangdangxuanmeiguozongtongdeaisenhaoweierdaochaoxianqianxianshicha，qizhuyaomudebushicujinhetanershixiangcongjiangjuzhongzhaodaoniuzhuanzhanjudebanfa。zhongzhongjixiangbiaoming，meiguoyoukenengzai1953nianchufadongdaguimogongshi，yijieshuchaoxianzhanzheng。dangfajuedirenyinmoucehuajunshijingongshi，maozedongxunjizuochuqianglieerxunsudefanying，shexiangzuihuaideqingkuangzuohaozuichongfendezhunbei，tongshibiaomingjiandinglichang，yiyoulideyulunpeihe，jieludirendeyinmou。zaitadezhidaoxia，zuizhongshimeijundengluzuozhandemaoxianguiyushibai。
12yue20ri，maozedongweizhonggongzhongyangqicaobingzhengshixiadaleguanyuzhunbeiyiqiebiyaotiaojianjianjuefensuidirendenglumaoxiandezhishi。zhishizaizuihouzhichu: “meidiguozhuyicaiyonglehenduobanfahebbshixundouzheng，meiyouyiyangbuzaodaoshibai。xianzaishengxiacongbbshixuncehoumaoxianzhongdengludeyishou，taxiangyongzheiyishoulaidajibbshixun。zhiyaobbshixunnengbatazheiyishoudaxiaqu，shitademaoxianguiyushibai，tadezuihoushibaidejumianjiuquedingxialaile。zhongyangjianjuexiangxinbbshixunzhiyuanjunxietongchaoxianrenminjunshinenggoufensuidirendemaoxianjihuade。”
1953nian2yue，meiguodejunshimaoxianhuodongyouyouxindeshengji，aisenhaoweierxuanbuquxiaotaiwanhaixia“zhonglihua”，zuochu“fangjiangchulong”yipeihemeijunzaichaoxiandejunshimaoxiandezitai。tahaishuofucanjia“lianheguojun”de16guodaibiao，zhichiduizhongguoshixingfengsuo。duici，maozedongdaibiaozhongguozhengfubiaomingleyanzhenglichang。tazai2yue7riquanguozhengxieyijiesicihuiyishangshuo: “bbshixunshiyaohepingde。danshi，zhiyaomeidiguozhuyiyitianbufangqitaneizhongmanhengwulideyaoqiuhekuodaqinlvedeyinmou，zhongguorenmindejuexinjiushizhiyoutongchaoxianrenminyiqi，yizhizhandouxiaqu。zheibushiyinweibbshixunhaozhan，bbshixunyuanyilijitingzhan，shengxiadewentidaijianglaiqujiejue。danmeidiguozhuyibuyuanyizheiyangzuo，neimehaoba，jiudaxiaqu，meidiguozhuyiyuanyidaduoshaonian，bbshixunyejiuzhunbeigentadaduoshaonian，yizhidadaomeidiguozhuyiyuanyibashoudeshihouweizhi，yizhidadaozhongchaorenminwanquanshenglideshihouweizhi。”maozedongdejianghua，xiangqitutingerzouxiandemeiguozhengfufachuleyanzhongjinggao，jiyoufenliangyoucongrongbupo。
zaimaozedongdejutierzhoumidezhidaoxia，yichangdaguimodefandengluzuozhandezhunbeigongzuo，yezaizhengfenduomiaodijiajinjinxing。dao1953nian4yuedi，gexiangzhunbeigongzuoquanbuwancheng。zaigefangmiandeyalixia，meiguobudebuzhongxinhuidaotanpanzhuoqianxunqiubaituokunjingdebanfa。
maozedongzuoweiguojiadezuigaolingdaorenhejunduidezuigaotongshuai，yueshiqudezhongdashengli，yueshibaochiqingxingdetounao。zheishishifenkeguide。tameiyouyintingzhantanpandehuifuerfangsongjingti，shizhongzhuazhueryouqiaomiaolinghuodishiyongtanyuda、zhengzhidouzhenghejunshidouzhengzheiliangshou，shuangguanqixia，huxiangpeihe，zhenfengxiangdui，haobufangsong。
4yuezhongxun，maozedongxiangdenghuatichutanpanqijianzhiyuanjunxingdongdezhidaofangzhen。ji“zhengquting、zhunbeituo。erjunduifangmianzeyingzuotuodedasuan，zhiguanda，buguantan，buyaosongdong，yiqierenganyuanjihuajinxing”。yidacutan，zhiyuanjuntiqianfaqilexiajifanjizuozhan。duinanchaoxianfangmiangongranpohuaixieyidexingwei，guoduandizuochujiqichenzhongdajidejuece。
1953nian7yue27ri，chaoxiantingzhanxiedingqianzi，chaoxianzhanzhengjieshu。maozedongrengranmeifangsongjingti。zaichaoxiantingzhanxiedingqianzideliangtianqian，maozedongjiuxiangzhongguorenminzhiyuanjunquantizhihuiyuanzhishishuo: “xiwangquanjunzhizhanyuanfangzhijiaoao，zaitingzhanxiedingqianzibingshengxiaoyihou，rengyingtigaojingti，yimianzijiyangezunshouxieding，yimianfangzhidirenkenengzuochupohuaidetiaoxin。”9yue，maozedongzaizhongyangrenminzhengfuweiyuanhuidi24cihuiyishang，duikangmeiyuanchaozuolezongjie。tazaijianghuazhongzuihoushuodao: “diguozhuyiqinlvezheyingdangdongde: xianzaizhongguorenminyijingzuzhiqilaile，shirebudede。ruguorefanle，shibuhaobande。”
lishijin3niandekangmeiyuanchaozhong，fashenglehenduolingrennanwangdezhenshigushi，youdebeizhuangyingyong，youdelingrenxinwei。jinjujigelizi。
diercizhanyiqijian，fashengleyijianrangrenbeitongdeshiqing。maozedongdeerzimaoanyingzaichaoxianzhanchangshangyingyongxisheng，heqianwangezhiyuanjunlieshiyiyang，zhangmianyuchaoxian，chengweizhongchaorenminyouyidexiangzheng。maoanyingshijingguomaozedongtongyi，suizhiyuanjunzongburuchaozuozhande，danrenzhiyuanjunsilingbudeewenfanyihejiyaogongzuo。maozedongzaitashenshangqingzhuzheshenhoudefuai，jituozhehouwang。maozedongcongbubamaoanyingkanchengzhishuyutazijide，ershishuyudang，shuyurenmin，tayingdangbaoxiaozuguo。1950nian11yue25ri，sanjiameib-29xinghongzhajicongzhiyuanjunsilingbuzhudishangkonglveguo。zuolefangkongzhunbeiderenmensongleyikouqi。buliao，dijiturandiaozhuantou，xiangzhiyuanjunsilingbuzhuditouxialejishigeningguqiyoudan，zuozhanshibeitunmeizaiyipianhuohaizhong，zhengzaiwuneizhibandemaoanyingxianchulenianqingdeshengming。pengdehuaizaidangtianxiangzhongyangjunweizhuanmenzuolehuibao，duanduandedianwen，jingxieleyigezhongtou。dianbaodaolezhouenlaishouzhong。zhouenlaishenzhizheiduimaozedongdedajihuiyouduoda，buyuanzaizhihuizhanyidejinzhangshikequfentadexin，bianbadianbaozanshigexia。zhidao1951nianyuandanguohou，1yue2ri，tacaibadianbaosongjimaozedongkan，bingfuxinshuo，“maoanyingdexishengshiguangrongde。dangshiyinnimendouzaiganmaozhong，weijiangcidiansongyue”。xinhedianbaodoubuzhang，maozedongquekanlehenjiuhenjiu。maozedongqiangyazhebeitongdexinqing，shuoleyijuhua: “ai!zhanzhengma，zongyaoyoushangwang。”
pengdehuaihoulaixiangmaozedongxiangxihuibaolemaoanyingxishengdejingguo，yineijiudexinqingzuojiantao。maozedongtingba，yishichenmowuyu。wangzheneixinbuandepengdehuai，takuanweishuo: “dazhangzongshiyaosirendema!zhiyuanjunyijingxianchuleneimeduozhizhanyuandeshengming。anyingshiyigeputongdezhanshi，buyaoyinweishibbshixundeerzi，jiudangchengyijiandashi。xianzaimeiguozaichaoxianzhanchangshangshiyonggezhongfeijiyueyiqianduojia，nimenqianwanbunengshuhudayi，yaocaiquyiqiecuoshibaozhengsilingbudeanquan。”
haiyoujiushijushiwenmingdeshangganlingzhanyi，shimeijunzaicirenshidaozhongguorenminzhiyuanjunqiangdadegongfangnengli。1952nian5yue，chaoxiantingzhantanpanqudelezhongyaojinzhan，zhishengxiaguanyuzhanfuanpaidewentimeiyoujiejue。zaizhiyuanjunquanxianxingzhanshufanjiqijian，meiguoweiniuzhuanzhanchangshangdebeidongjumian，mouqutanpanzhongdeyoulidiwei，cong10yue14riqi，zaishangganlingdiqufadonglekongqianjiliede“jinhuagongshi”。zhiyuanjunzaizhangda43tiandeshangganlingzhanyizhong，dadeyingyongwanqiang，fensuilemeijundegongshi。direndongyongleyiqiexiandaihuadejunshishouduan，duizhiyuanjunzhendilunfangongji。zailiangzuogaodihefujindiqu，dijunqingxiele190wanfapaodanhe5000yumeizhadan，tourudezongbingliyue4wanyuren。liangzuogaodidetushibeizhasongyizhiliangmi，bianchengyipianjiaotu。juyougaoangshiqihefuyouchuangzaojingshendezhiyuanjunjiangshi，xianzaidibiaozhendiyudirenfanfuzhengduo，zhongchuangdijun。houyouzhuanrukengdaozuozhan，jixuliliang，faqiquanxianfanji，zhi11yue25ri，shoufuquanbushidi。zhongbufangxianwenrutaishan，jingshouzhuleyouyiciyanjundekaoyan。meijuncongcizaiyemeiyoushenmexiangyangdegongshi。meiguoxinwenjiepinglunshuo: “zheicizhanyishijishangquebianchenglechaoxianzhanzhengzhongde‘fanerdeng’。”
zaijiushi，dangnianjuecechubingshi，renmenzuidadeyilvzhiyi，jiushidanxinyingxiangjingjidehuifu，pabeizhangqidezhanzhengtuokua。maozedongduizheichangzhanzhengjiyuguoneibbshixunkenengzaochengdegezhongbuliyingxiang，zuolechongfenguji，bingzuolezuihuaidedasuan。zhidao1951nianshangbannian，tahaiduinengfoujingshoudezhuchaoxianzhanzhengzhangqihua、meiguoqituyubbshixundaxiaohaozhandekaoyan，biaoshiguodanyou。ranershijianzhengming，zaimaozedonghezhonggongzhongyangdezhengquelingdaoxia，kangmeiyuanchaozhanzhengjidadijifalequanguoyiwanrenmindeaiguoreqinghejitizhuyijingshen，guoneigexiangbbshixunshiyekuaisufazhan，shixianle“bianda、bianwen、bianjian”dezhanlvefangzhen。zheishirenmenyuanxianmeiyougujidaode，yexubaokuomaozedongzainei。zhongguogongchandanghequanguorenminduiyuyingdezheichangzhanzhenggengjiachongmanxinxin。
kangmeiyuanchaozhanzheng，shimaozedongyishengzuiweijiannandeyicijuece，tongshiyoushimaozedongjunshiyishu、guojizhanlvenaizhizhiguofanglvezhongdejuemiaozhibi。kangmeiyuanchaozhichu，zhongguorenminzhiyuanjunnengbunengdabaiyimeiguoweishoude“lianheguojun”，aihaohepingderenmendouniezheyibahan。kangmeiyuanchaozhanzhengdeshengli，dapolemeiguojunduibukezhanshengdeshenhua，shiquanshijiederenmenbaokuozhongguodedirenhepengyou，duixinzhongguodouguamuxiangkan。yigeganggangcongzhanzhengfeixuzhongzouchulaidexinzhongguo，jingjihaineimekunnan，junduizhuangbeiyouhenluohou，jurannengbashijieyiliuqiangguo、juyouxiandaihuazhuangbeidemeiguojunduidabai，zheibushiqijima？zhongguorenminzhiyuanjunbukuiweizhonghuaminzuzuiyouxiudeernv，tamenjianfuzhezuguorenmindezhongtuo，bufuchaoxianrenminheshijieyiqieaihaohepingrenmindeqiwang，wanchengle“baoweizhongguo，zhiyuanchaoxian”delishishiming。quanzhongguorenminconglaimeiyouxiangzheiyangwanzhongyixin、yiqifengfa、douzhiangyang，guoquneizhongyipansanshadejumianyiqubufufanle。kangmeiyuanchaozhanzhengdeshengli，shibbshixunguodejingjibbshixunhuodeleyoulideguojihepinghuanjing。zheiduiyuzhangqichuyuzhanluandezhongguorenminlaishuo，shijiqibaoguide。（zuozhexiyuanzhongyangwenxianyanjiushizhuren）